Amphibians and reptiles have three-chambered hearts, but mammals and birds have four-chambered hearts. There is an evolutionary change in the heart anatomy of vertebrates, such as the single-chambered heart of fishes progressively evolving into the hearts of other organisms adapted to their habitat and necessity.The chambers serve as a barrier to keep oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mingling. The configuration of chambers in the hearts of vertebrates is critical for partitioning. The heart of all vertebrates has chambers called ventricle, auricle, conus arteriosus, sinus venous, and so on.
In establishing his theory, Darwin made considerable use of comparative anatomy, which revolutionized science by explaining anatomical variations between species as coming from their evolutionary descent by natural selection from a common ancestor. Instead, Cuvier classified all animals into four broad classes based on their body plans (vertebrates, mollusks, articulates, and radiates).Īnother notable person in the discipline was British anatomist Sir Richard Owen, mid-nineteenth-century, whose enormous understanding of vertebrate structure did not prevent him from criticizing British biologist Charles Darwin's idea of evolution by natural selection. Cuvier also disproved the 18th-century idea that the animal kingdom is organized in a single linear succession from the simplest to the most complex. Georges Cuvier, a French Biologist, in the 19th century established a stronger scientific foundation of the topic by claiming that the functional and structural traits of an animal are the result of their interaction with their environment.
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